In this research, a novel antenna array named
Linearly arranged Concentric Circular Antenna Array (LCCAA) is proposed,
concerning lower beamwidth, lower sidelobe level, sharp ability to
detect false signals, and impressive SINR performance. The performance
of the proposed LCCAA beamformer is compared with geometrically
identical existing beamformers using the conventional technique where
the LCCAA beamformer shows the lowest beamwidth and sidelobe level (SLL)
of 12.50° and −15.17 dB with equal elements accordingly. However, the
performance is degraded due to look direction error, for which robust
techniques, fixed diagonal loading (FDL), optimal diagonal loading
(ODL), and variable diagonal loading (VDL), are applied to all the
potential arrays to minimize this problem. Furthermore, the LCCAA
beamformer is further simulated to reduce the sidelobe applying tapering
techniques where the Hamming window shows the best performance having
17.097 dB less sidelobe level compared to the uniform window. The
proposed structure is also analyzed under a robust tapered (VDL-Hamming)
method which reduces around 69.92 dB and 48.39 dB more sidelobe level
compared to conventional and robust techniques. Analyzing all the
performances, it is clear that the proposed LCCAA beamformer is superior
and provides the best performance with the proposed robust tapered
(VDL-Hamming) technique.