This study conducted a comprehensive literature review on global poverty alleviation and eradication. A structured literature review (SLR) was employed, collecting 955 articles from the Scopus database spanning from 1990 to 2022. The data was analyzed using bibliometric analysis tools and Excel. The paper explores the significant and conceptual aspects of the published literature on poverty alleviation and eradication. Additionally, it highlights the global issues faced by humanity, such as poverty alleviation and eradication, their origins, and implications. The study also provides potential directions for future research in this field by examining the poverty alleviation and eradication strategies employed by China and the USA. The significance of this study lies in the need for further research on the factors limiting efforts toward poverty alleviation and eradication from a global perspective. These findings can serve as a foundation for global anti-poverty initiatives and offer insights into reducing poverty in underdeveloped and developing nations worldwide.