This study presents a novel Surface Plasmon Resonance based Photonic Crystal Fiber (SPR-PCF) designed to differentiate between prostate cancerous and non-cancerous epithelial cells by utilizing variations in refractive index (RI). Currently, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) biomarkers are the primary method used in clinics for prostate cancer screening. However, due to the low specificity and high false-positive rates of PSA tests, a more accurate detection method is urgently needed. SPR-based PCF sensors, known for their high sensitivity, excel in detecting even slight refractive index changes in the surrounding media, offering a more effective and rapid solution for early cancer detection. Additionally, these sensors are highly sensitive, portable, and user-friendly, making them practical for clinical use. During the experiment, a number of the PCF’s parameters were changed, which resulted in an incredibly high amplitude sensitivity(AS) of 159.06 RIU−1, 149.07 RIU−1, 133.89 RIU−1, 132.72 RIU−1 for BPH-1 or 22RV1, DU-145, PC-3 and LNCaP cells respectively. Corresponding Wavelength Sensitivity (WS) values for the same cell types were observed as 5000 nm/RIU, 2222.22 nm/RIU, 2380.95 nm/RIU and 2272.73 nm/RIU. The achieved resolutions for wavelength sensitivity are $2.00\times 10-5$ RIU, $4.50\times 10-5$ RIU, $4.20\times 10-5$ RIU, $4.40\times 10-5$ RIU, and resolutions for the amplitude sensitivity are $1.26\times 10-6$ RIU, $6.04\times 10-6$ RIU, $1.57\times 10-5$ RIU, $1.66\times 10-5$ RIU for the respective cells types mentioned above. The biosensor is simple to design and can be easily made with modern manufacturing techniques.