Antibodies, enzymes, and nucleic acids are the most widely used bioreceptors for the development of biosensors and bioassays. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) are synthetic receptors developed as biomimetic polymers to imitate the recognition characteristics of natural bioreceptors. These artificial biopolymers have garnered considerable attention on the sensing platform due to their inimitable qualities that distinguish them from natural bioreceptors. Currently, protein-based MIPs are ahead in the field of in-vitro clinical diagnostics by offering advanced and highly selective detection of clinical biomarkers. On the other hand, protein templates present additional constraints due to the size, structural complexity, and sensitivity of proteins. MIP hybridization with transducer materials enhances their stability, reproducibility, and potential for effective sensing applications. Among other various sensor types, electrochemical transducer sensing surfaces provide the largest spectrum for protein imprinting. Conducting polymers, nanomaterials, aptamers, and other chemical linkers have been hybridized to improve the stability and sensitivity of protein MIP sensors. Yet, ongoing research still continues to enhance MIP applications on electrochemical transducers for more effective and precise detection. In fact, the future direction of multi-functional MIP sensors is being studied to be capable of detecting a broader range of biomarkers with enhanced template removal and cost-efficient fabrication. Herein, authors review recent advances in protein imprinting approaches using bioreceptors and nanomaterials on electrochemical sensing platforms, as well as the current perspectives on MIP-based in-vitro detection of clinical biomarkers.