This chapter aims to summarize the state of phytoremediation technologies, with a focus on heavy metal phytoextraction from the contaminated sites. Heavy metal decontamination of soils is crucial for lowering associated risks, as well as sustaining environmental health and ecological restoration. A range of physical, chemical, and biological techniques are often used to eliminate metals and metalloids from contaminated soils. One of them is phytoremediation, which is a potent and cost-effective way of removing heavy metals from soils. Consequently, traditional phytoremediation tactics (phytostabilization, phytostimulation, phytotransformation, phytofiltration, and phytoextraction), mechanistic insights into metal phytoremediation, margins, and a few breakthroughs in phytoremediation practices are critically reviewed in this study. Since conventional phytoremediation has limitations in terms of broad application, there is an urgency to modernize this approach coupled with modern chemical, biological, and genetic engineering concepts. Because of the foregoing, this chapter combines conventional and contemporary phytoremediation approaches to evaluate, fully comprehend, and successfully apply these methods to extract heavy metals from contaminated sites considering the approaches’ economics and efficiency.