There is a great deal of increasing competition and conflict among the political actors in 21st-century international relations, which is driven by the ongoing transformation in the global geopolitical order away from the unipolar Global North (Western-centric) towards the multipolar Global South (non Westerncentric) order (Kissinger, 2015; Cooley & Nexon, 2020; Short, 2022). Geopolitics, in its practical sense and application, concerns the management and regulation of power and relationships among different actors and the balance of power (Flint, 2017). It not only involves and invokes grand strategy in the world of power politics in international relations of hegemonic maintenance or expansion by the incumbent power but also the challenging of the hegemonic power or defence of self-interest and autonomy.