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Paper Details


Title
A Deep Learning Approach to Identifications of Vehicle Type Using Sign Hybrid (CNN) And Fine Tuned VGG-16 Model

Author
Shakibul Hasan, ASLAM SHEKH, Md. Muhasin Ali, Shoukatul Aspia Sakib,

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Abstract

This paper presents a detailed comparative analysis between a hybrid deep learning model and the standard VGG-16 architecture for the task of vehicle type classification, specifically across five categories: cars, trucks, buses, motorcycles, and vans. The hybrid model integrates convolutional neural network (CNN) layers with long shortterm memory (LSTM) modules, aiming to leverage both spatial and sequential feature learning to enhance classification performance. Experimental results, however, it indicates that while the hybrid model achieves a respectable accuracy of 83.05 %, the tuned VGG-16 architecture significantly surpasses it, attaining an accuracy of 95.76 % on the same image dataset. Despite the lower overall accuracy, the hybrid model demonstrates robustness under challenging conditions such as low-resolution inputs and partially occluded vehicle images, suggesting its potential in real-world applications where ideal imaging conditions are not guaranteed. A thorough error analysis highlights that the 12% performance gap can largely be attributed to VGG-16's stronger feature extraction capabilities, particularly its ability to capture fine-grained visual details crucial for accurate classification. This study offers valuable insights for the selection and deployment of deep learning architectures in vehicle recognition systems, emphasizing the trade-offs between model complexity, performance, and suitability for varying operational environments.


Keywords

Journal or Conference Name
2026 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Quantum Photonics, Artificial Intelligence and Networking, QPAIN 2026

Publication Year
2026

Indexing
scopus